English for Hotel and Catering Industry (Unit 11 - Talking about Wine)

English for Hotel and Catering Industry (Unit 11 - Talking about Wine)

• Posted by zar ni (My Way!) on November 23, 2012 at 8:54
•  
• ၀ိုင္ဆိုတာအေနာက္ဥေရာပသားတို႔အတြက္ အလြန္အေရးႀကီးတဲ့အေဖ်ာ္ယမကာတစ္မ်ိဳးပါ။ အစားအေသာက္ပြဲတိုင္းမွာ ၀ိုင္မပါမျဖစ္ပါေလ့ရွိသလို အမ်ိဳးအမည္ေတြကလည္းမ်ားလြန္းလွေတာ့ ဘာသာရပ္တစ္ခုလိုေလ့လာယူရပါတယ္။ ၀ိုင္ရဲ႕အနံ႔အသက္၊ အရသာ၊ ဂုဏ္သတၱိေတြကို အာ႐ံုခံျမီည္းၾကည့္ကာ အဆင့္အတန္းသတ္မွတ္ျခင္းကို Wine tasting လို႔ေခၚၿပီး အသက္ေမြး၀မ္းေက်ာင္းျပဳႏိုင္တဲ့အထိကၽြမ္းက်င္သူေတြကို sommelier (သို႔မဟုတ္) wine taster လို႔ေခၚၿပီးစားေသာက္ဆိုင္ေတြမွာေစ်းႀကီးေပးခန္႔ထားၾကပါတယ္။ ဒီတစ္ေခါက္မွာေတာ့ ၀ိုင္အေၾကာင္းေျပာဆိုျခင္းဆိုတဲ့သင္ခန္းစာကိုေလ့လာၾကည့္ၾကပါစို႔။

Unit 11 - Talking about wine

Would you like to order some wine?

Waitress:      Would you like to order some wine with your meal?

Customer1:   Yes, please. Which is drier, the Riesling or the Sauvignon Blanc?

Waitress:      The Sauvignon Blanc is drier than the Riesling. But it isn’t as dry as the Pinot Grigio.

Customer1:   Right, I’ll have a glass of Sauvignon Blanc. Nancy, you prefer something sweeter, don’t you?

Customer2:   Yes, a glass of Chardonnay please.

Customer1:   Then, we’d like a bottle of red to go with our main course. Which is lighter, the French or 

Chilean Merlot?

Waitress:      Well, they’re both full-bodied wines. I recommend the French. It’s more expensive than the

Chilean but it’s smoother.

Customer2:   OK, then let’s have the French.

Waitress:      Thank you Madam. Would you like some mineral water?

Customer2:   Yes, a bottle of sparkling water please.

ေလ့လာထားရမည့္ expression မ်ား

Which is drier, the Riesling or the Sauvignon Blanc? ဘယ္ဟာကပိုျပင္းလဲ။ Riesling လား the Sauvignon Blanc လား။

Sauvignon Blanc is drier than the Riesling. Sauvignon Blanc က Riesling ထက္ပိုျပင္းပါတယ္။

it isn’t as dry as the Pinot Grigio.       Pinot Grigio ေလာက္ေတာ့မျပင္းပါဘူး။

they’re both full-bodied wines.  ႏွစ္မ်ိဳးစလံုးကေတာ့အရင့္စားေတြခ်ည္းပါ။

The French Merlot is more expensive than the Chilean.

The French Merlot က the Chilean ထက္ေစ်းပိုႀကီးပါတယ္။

wine ကို sweet လား dry လားဆိုတဲ့သတ္မွတ္ခ်က္ကို ၀ိုင္ခ်က္ၿပီးတဲ့အခ်ိန္မွာ သူထဲမွာက်န္ေနခဲ့တဲ့ သၾကားပမာဏအနည္းအမ်ားကိုမူတည္ၿပီးသတ္မွတ္တယ္လို႔ဆိုပါတယ္။ၿပီးေတာ့ ပါ၀င္တဲ့အရက္ပမာဏ၊ အခ်ဥ္ဓါတ္စတာေတြကိုလည္းထည့္စဥ္းစားၾကရပါတယ္။ ဒါေၾကာင့္ dry ဆိုတာ အခ်ိဳရဲ႕ဆန္႔က်င္ဘက္လို႔ေယဘုယ်မွတ္ထားႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ (ဒီမွာေတာ့၀ိုင္အျပင္းလို႔ပဲဘာသာျပန္ ေပးထားပါတယ္။ အတိအက်မမွတ္ေစလိုပါဘူး။)

၀ိုင္နီမွာလည္း ၀ိုင္ခ်က္လုပ္ရာစပ်စ္သီးအမ်ိဳးအစားရဲ႕အေရာင္ေၾကာင့္ အနီေရာင္ရင့္ရင့္ကေန အနီေဖ်ာ့ေဖ်ာ့အထိရွိႏိုင္ပါတယ္။ ဒါကို lightness လို႔ေခၚေ၀ၚၾကပါတယ္။ သဘာ၀အေရာင္ခ်ယ္ ပမာဏ tannin ပါ၀င္မႈနည္းတာကို light-bodied လို႔ေခၚၿပီး ပါ၀င္မႈအမ်ားဆံုး၀ိုင္ကိုေတာ့ full-bodied လို႔ရည္ညႊန္းတယ္လို႔သိရပါတယ္။

ေလ့လာထားရမည့္ေ၀ါဟာရမ်ား

become  =  ျဖစ္လာသည္

district = အရပ္ေဒသ၊ စီရင္စု၊ ခ႐ိုင္

excellent = ထူးကဲေသာ။ အေကာင္းဆံုးျဖစ္ေသာ

fine =  အဆင့္ျမင့္ေသာ။ အထက္တန္းက်ေသာ။ ေကာင္းေသာ

improve = တိုးတက္သည္

popular = လူႀကိဳက္မ်ားေသာ၊ ေရပန္းစားေသာ

produce = ထုတ္လုပ္သည္

recommend = ေထာက္ခံသည္။ ညႊန္းသည္။

smooth (wine) =  (ေသာက္ရတာ)ညက္ေညာေသာ

ေလ့လာထားရမည့္၀ါက်တည္ေဆာက္ပံုမ်ား

ႏိႈင္းယွဥ္ျခင္း Comparisons

အရာ၀တၳဳမ်ားကို -er than, more … than, not …. as … as အသံုးျပဳ၍ႏႈိင္းယွဥ္ျခင္း

-er than ကိုသံုးၿပီးအရာ၀တၳဳႏွစ္ခုကိုႏႈိင္းယွဥ္မယ္ဆိုရင္ ေအာက္ပါဥပေဒသေလးမ်ားကို မွတ္ထားပါ။

1) Adjectives with one syllable

positive	comparative	superlative
clean	cleaner	cleanest
new	newer	newest
cheap	cheaper	cheapest

2) Adjectives with two syllables and the following endings:

2 - 1) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -y

positive	comparative	superlative
dirty	dirtier	dirtiest
easy	easier	easiest
happy	happier	happiest
pretty	prettier	prettiest

2 - 2) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -er

positive	comparative	superlative
clever	cleverer	cleverest

2 - 3) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -le

positive	comparative	superlative
simple	simpler	simplest

2 - 4) Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -ow

positive	comparative	superlative
narrow	narrower	narrowest

3) Spelling of the adjectives using the endings -er/-est

positive	comparative	superlative	comment
large	larger	largest	leave out the silent -e
big	bigger	biggest	Double the consonant after short vowel
sad	sadder	saddest
dirty	dirtier	dirtiest	Change -y to -i (consonant before -y)
shy	shyer	shyest	Here -y is not changed to -i. (although consonant before -y)

B - Comparison with more - most

positive	comparative	superlative
difficult	more difficult	(the) most difficult

all adjectives with more than one syllable (except some adjectives with two syllables – see 2 - 1 to 2 - 4)

C - Irregular adjectives

positive	comparative	superlative	comment
good	better	best
bad	worse	worst
much	more	most	uncountable nouns
many	more	most	countable nouns
little	less	least
little	smaller	smallest

---

D - Special adjectives

Some adjectives have two possible forms of comparison (-er/est and more/most).

positive	comparative	superlative
clever	cleverer / more clever	cleverest / most clever
common	commoner / more common	commonest / most common
likely	likelier / more likely	likeliest / most likely
pleasant	pleasanter / more pleasant	pleasantest / most pleasant
polite	politer / more polite	politest / most polite
quiet	quieter / more quiet	quietest / most quiet
simple	simpler / more simple	simplest / most simple
stupid	stupider / more stupid	stupidest / most stupid
subtle	subtler / more subtle	subtlest / most subtle
sure	surer / more sure	surest / most sure

Examples

The Italian wine is sweeter thanthe New Zealand wine.

The French wine more expensivethan the Chilean.

The New Zealand wine isn’t as dry asthe Portuguese.

ေလ့က်င့္ခန္း

၁။ ေအာက္ပါ၀ါက်မ်ားကိုမွန္ကန္သည့္ႏႈိင္းယွဥ္မႈပံုစံျဖင့္ေရးပါ။

1.       The restaurant is ...................(busy) tonight than last weekend.

2.       The Plaza is ................(close) to the airport than the Grand.

3.       A suite is .............. (expensive) than a single room.

4.       I think the Sauvignon Blanc is ...............(good) than the Riesling.

5.       Mineral water is .................(Cheap) than wine.

6.       The Chilean Merlot is ................. (not smooth) as the French.

၂။ ေအာက္ပါတို႔ကိုအသံုးျပဳၿပီး စာပိုဒ္ကို ျပည့္စံုေအာင္ျဖည့္ပါ။

Champagne             Port              France Bordeaux

Italian                    Spain            Frascati

.......................1 is the famous sparkling wine produced east of Paris. St. Emilion is also produced in ....................2 in the ......................3 region. Two ...................4 wines include Chianti fromthe Florence region and .....................5 near Rome ............6 comes from Portugal and sherry from the south of ...................7.

ကဲဒါကေတာ့ talking about wine နဲ႔ပတ္သက္တဲ့သင္ခန္းစာပဲျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ေနာက္ဆံုးပိတ္ ၀ိုင္နဲ႔ပတ္သက္တဲ့ စကားပံုေလးနဲ႔ပိတ္လိုက္ရေအာင္။

Like good wine, marriage gets better with age - once you learn to keep a cork in it.

Gene Perret

၀ိုင္လိုပဲအိမ္ေထာင္ေရးဟာလည္း သက္တမ္းရင့္လာတာနဲ႔ပိုေကာင္းလာရတယ္။ ဗူးဆို႔ေလးဖံုးတတ္သြားၿပီဆိုတာနဲ႔ေပါ့။

ဇာနည္(MyWay!)

Unit(10)

https://htooaungwintt.blogspot.com/2015/11/english-for-hotel-and-catering.html

Unit(12)

https://htooaungwintt.blogspot.com/2015/12/english-for-hotel-and-catering.html